Governance
Governance includes “ensuring strategic policy frameworks exist and are combined with effective oversight, coalition-building, regulation, attention to system-design, and accountability”1. While governments are the primary drivers of governance, non-state actors including civil society, community groups, and the private sector are critical contributors to success. Strong governance is a core component of a resilient health system.2
In settings where good health governance is a major focus, there are important aspects to responsibilities and relationships between health beneficiaries and users, political and government decision-makers, and health service providers. The following principles should be also prioritized, either at the same time or one after another, to ensure good governance:3
- Evidence-based policymaking
- Efficient and effective service provision arrangements, regulatory frameworks, and management systems
- Responsiveness to public health needs and the preferences of beneficiaries’/citizens’ – while also managing their differences
- Transparency in policy-making, the way resources are allocated, and performance
- Responsible leadership to address public health priorities
- The legitimate exercise of beneficiaries’/citizens’ voice
- Institutional checks and balances
- Clear and enforceable accountability